نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی

نویسنده

عضو هیئت علمی مؤسسه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی آموزش عالی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

فرسودگی تحصیلی موجب احساس درماندگی، تحریک­پذیری و ناامیدی در دانشجویان و درنتیجه، کاهش پیشرفت تحصیلی آنان می­شود؛ از این­رو، بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر فرسودگی تحصیلی دانشجویانضرورت دارد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف اصلی بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر فرسودگی تحصیلی در میان دانشجویان نظام آموزش­عالی دولتی کشور انجام شد. در این مطالعه میزان فرسودگی تحصیلی دانشجویان گروه فنی و مهندسی با دانشجویان سایر گروه­های تحصیلی مقایسه شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش تمام دانشجویان در دانشگاه‌‌های وابسته به وزارت علوم، تحقیقات و فناوری بودند که با استفاده از روش نمونه­گیری تصادفی طبقه­ای باشیوه  انتساب متناسب تعداد 2635 نفر از آنها برای مطالعه انتخاب شدند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها در دو بخش آمار توصیفی و استنباطی با استفاده از نرم­افزار  SPSS نسخۀ 23 انجام شد. بر اساس نتایج پژوهش بیش از نیمی از دانشجویان نظام آموزش عالی کشور دچار فرسودگی تحصیلی متوسط هستند. علاوه بر این، نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که که وضعیت فرسودگی تحصیلی دانشجویان بر اساس متغیرهای سن، معدل، جنسیت، وضعیت تأهل، وضعیت اشتغال، عضویت در تشکل­های دانشجویی، استفاده از خوابگاه­ دانشجویی، مقطع تحصیلی و گروه تحصیلی از نظر آماری متفاوت است؛ اما بین وضعیت فرسودگی تحصیلی دانشجویان بر اساس متغیرهای دورۀ تحصیلی (روزانه ـ شبانه) و نوع دانشگاه (دانشگاه با سابقه بالا، متوسط و پایین) اختلاف معناداری از نظر آماری مشاهده نشد. در این خصوص، نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که میزان فرسودگی تحصیلی در میان دانشجویان گروه فنی و مهندسی بالاتر از دانشجویان سایر گروه­های آموزشی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

• Academic factors affecting students burnout: A comparative study of engineering students and other students of Iran’s higher education system

نویسنده [English]

  • Seyedeh Maryam Hosseini Largani

Faculty member of Institute for research and Planning in Higher Education

چکیده [English]

Academic burnout causes feelings of helplessness, irritability and disappointment in students, which reduces their academic achievement. Hence, it is necessary to study the factors affecting students' academic burnout. The purpose of this study is to investigate the contributing factors on academic burnout among students of Iran's higher education system. In addition, the level of burnout among engineering students was compared with that of students in other departments. The statistical population of the study consisted of all students of universities affiliated to the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology, which by using stratified random sampling, 2635 of them were selected. Data analysis was done in both descriptive and inferential statistics by using SPSS software version 23. Accordingly, more than half of the students in Iran's higher education system have suffered from moderate academic burnout. In addition, the results of the study indicated that the students' academic burnout status was statistically different based on age, gender, marital status, employment status, membership in student associations, student dormitory, academic course and academic degree. Nonetheless, there was no statistically significant distinction between the academic burnout status of the students based on variables of academic year (day time or night time) and type of university (high, middle and low prestigious). In this regard, the results of the study indicate that the level of burnout among engineering students is higher than that of other educational departments.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Academic fatigue
  • academic indifference
  • educational ineffectiveness
  • academic burnout
  • higher education
Ahookhoush, P., & Ali Beigi, A. H. (2017). Factors influencing academic burnout in agricultural & natural resources students. Journal of Agricultural Education Management Research, 40, 55-44 [in Persian].
Asayesh, H., Sharifiifard, F., Mousavi, M. Eet al. (2016). Correlation of stress, burnout & academic performance of nursing & paramedical students of Qom University of Medical Sciences. Qom University of Medical Sciences Journal, 10 (7), 83-74 [in Persian].
Azimi, M., Piri, M., & Zavaar, T. (2013). Relationship of academic burnout & self- regulated learning with academic performance of high school student. Research in Curriculum Planning, 10 (11), 116- 128 [in Persian].
Bahri, K., Sameri, M., & Abdolisoltanahmadi, J. (2018). A study of the challenges of electrical engineering curriculum for its revision & modernization. Iranian Journal of Engineering Education, 20(79), 1-25.
Barzegar Bafroui, K., Darebidy, M. S., & Hemmati, H. (2015). The causal model of the effect of academic motivation on academic burnout with the mediating role of student procrastination. Teaching & Learning Studies, 7 (2), 153-127 [in Persian].
Behrouzi, N., Shahni Yeyillagh, M.SC., & Pourseyid, Q. M. (2011). The relationship of perfectionism, perceived stress, & social support with a cademic burnout. Culture Strategy, 20, 102-83 [in Persian].
Bowers, M. L. (2012). Burnout among undergraduate athletic training students; submitted to the faculty of the school of graduate studies & research of California [dissertation]. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania.
Chang, E., Eddins-Folensbee, F., & Coverdale, J. (2012).  Survey of the prevalence of burnout, stress, depression, & the use of supports by medical students at one school. Academic Psychiatry, 36 (3), 177-82.
Dashti, S., Fardmal, J., Soheilizadeh, M., Shahrabadi, R., & Salehi Nia, H. (2013). Factors related to occupational burnout in health centers of Hamadan city in 2011. Journal of Pajouhan, 13 (1), 9-1 [in Persian].
Duru, E., Duru, S., & Balkis, M. (2014). Analysis of relationships among burnout, academic achievement, & self-regulation. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice, 14 (4), 1274-1284.
Eidi, N., & Nourian, M. (2019). The impact of multicultural situations in the process of teaching, learning investigating of human factors experiences in Ahvaz Faculty of Petroleum. Iranian Journal of Engineering Education, 20(80), 97-114.
El-Masry, R., Ghreiz, S. M., Helal, R. M., Audeh, A. M., & Shams, T. (2012). Perceived stress & burnout among medical students during the clinical period of their education. Journal of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, 5 (4), 179-188.
Farhangi, M., & Farasatkhah, M. (2014). Investigating faculty members' competency model in virtual environment from the viewpoints of faculty Mmembers & students (based on utopian model). Iranian Information & Communication Technology, 7 (21 & 22). 14-1 [in Persian].
Fisher, M. H. (2011). Factors influencing stress, burnout, & retention of secondary teachers. Current issues in education, 14(1).
Ghadampour, E., Mirzaei Far, D., & Sabzian, S. (2015). The relationship between academic engagement & academic failure in Isfahan High School male & female students (predicting academic failure based on academic engagement). Journal of Educational Psychology, 10 (34), 233-247 [in Persian].
Goldon, C. D., Williams, S. K., Hudson, G. A., & Stewart, J. (2010). Factors associated with academic performance of physical therapy students. West Indian Med J., 59 (2), 203- 208.
Heydari, S., & Maktabi, Gh. (2010). Comparison of cultural intelligence, loneliness, academic burnout, & mental health among native & non-native master’s female students. Women & Culture, 3 (9), 57-45 [in Persian].
Hosseini Largani, S. M. (2017). Analysis of students' academic burnout in Iran's Higher Education System: Identification of determinants & solutions. Quarterly Journal of Research & Planning in Higher Education, 23 (3), 69-43 [in Persian].
Keshavarz, A., & Ahmadi, S. (2019). Studying the perspective of students of ICT & IT of Shiraz University of Applied Science on the effectiveness of curriculum based on the modified model of eye competence. Iranian Journal of Engineering Education, 21(81), 69-84.
Khazaei, T., Tavakoli, M. R., Jabri Darmiyani, M.SC., & Yaghoubi, M. (2014). Burnout & its relationship with mental health among students of birjand University of Medical Sciences. Two Quarterly Journal of Medical Education, 3 (2), 51-46. [in Persian].
Masalach, C., Schaufeil, W. B., & Liter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual Review of Psychology, 52 (4), 397- 422 [in Persian].
Maslach, C., & Jakson, S. E. (1984). Burnout in organizational setting. Applied Social Psychology Annual, 5,133-153.
Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981). The measurement of experienced burnout. Journal of organizational behavior, 2(2), 99-113.
Mazerolle, L., Bennett, S., Antrobus, E., & Eggins, E. (2012). Procedural justice, routine encounters & citizen perceptions of police: Main findings from the Queensland community engagement trial (QCET). Journal of Experimental Criminology, 8, 343-367.
Menke, L. E. (2011). Predictors of burnout & engagement in 1st-year college students.  Journal of Psychology, 145(3), 211-227.
Michael, N., Pakpour, F., & Ganji, M. (2012). Comparison of metacognitive beliefs in gifted & normal students. School Psychology, 1 (2), 113-104.
Modin, B., Östberg, V., Toivanen, S., & Sandell, K. (2011). Psychosocial working conditions, school sense of coherence & subjective health. Multilevel analysis of ninth grade pupils in the Stockholm area. Journal of Adolescence, 34, 129-139.
Mousavi, F., & Shokri, F. (2014). Studying students' academic achievement based on predictors of academic burnout & student life stress. Psychology Research, 4(10), 59-80 [in Persian].
Nouhi, S., Hosseini, S. M., Rokhsari Zadeh, H., Sabouri, A., & Alishiri, Gh. (2012). A study of the motivation of progress & its relationship to academic success in medical, nursing & medical students of baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Military Medicine, 14 (3), 204-200 [in Persian].
Nourshahi, N., Rouhani, Sh., & Sami, H. (2016). Investigation of the dimensions of burnout & its related factors among faculty members of universities affiliated to the ministry of science, research & technology & presenting appropriate solutions for tt. Unpublished project at the institute for research & planning in higher education, Department of Educational & Curricular Innovation [in Persian].
Pouratashi, M. E., & Zamani, A. (2018). The effect of educational factors on academic burnout of agricultural engineering students. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics & Development Research, 2-49 (1), 163-151 [in Persian].
Saif, M. H. (2016). A comparative model of academic burnout among university of medical sciences & payam noor students. Iranian Journal of Medical Education, 17 (2), 23-11 [in Persian].
Salmela-Aro, K., & Tynkkynen, L. (2012). Gendered pathways in school burnout among adolescents. Journal of adolescence, 35(4), 929-939.
Salmela-Aro, K., Kiuru, N., Leskinen, E., & Nurmi, J. (2009). School burnout inventory (SBI): Reliability   & validity. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 25, 48-57.
Sharifi Fard, F., Norouzi, K., Hosseini, M., Asayesh, H., & Nowruz, M.P. (2014). Factors related to academic burnout in nursing & paramedical students of Qom University of Medical Sciences in 2013. Nursing Education, 3 (9), 68-59 [in Persian].
Shiri, N. (2016). Designing an entrepreneurship promotion pattern among Iranian agricultural higher education students. PhD Thesis in Agricultural Extension & Education, Department of Agricultural Extension & Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Razi University [هn Persian].
Shiri, N., & Naderi, N. (2015). The significance of social capital in the higher agricultural education system. International Journal of Agricultural Management & Development, 5 (1), 41-49 [in Persian].
Takai, M., Takahashi, M., Iwamitsu, Y., Ando, N., Okazaki, S., & Nakajima, K. (2009). The experience of burnout among home caregivers of patients with dementia: Relations to depression & quality of life. Archives of Gerontology & Geriatrics, 49(1), 1-5.
Uludag, O., & Yaratan, H. (2013). The effects of Justice & burnout on achievement: An empirical investigation of university students. Croatian Journal of Education, 15(2), 97-116.