نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد مهندسی زمین / دانشکاه تهران
2 کارشناس کرسی یونسکو در آموزش مهندسی
3 دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
در سالهای اخیر، گزارشهای متعددی از گسترش بیانگیزگی دانشجویان مهندسی از سوی استادان دانشگاههای مختلف ارائه شده است. علل این بیانگیزگیها چیست و چگونه میتوان انگیزه دانشجویان را افزایش داد؟ عوامل اثرگذار بر انگیزه میتوانند درونی یا بیرونی باشند. خاستگاه انگیزه درونی، همچنان که از نام آن پیداست، درون فرد است؛ در مقابل، کانون انگیزه بیرونی در محیط فرد قرار دارد و بهعنوان یک عاملی خارجی وی را به انجام دادن کاری خاص ترغیب میکند. نظر به آنکه انگیزه عاملی اثرگذار بر یادگیری و عملکرد دانشجویان در کلاس است، شناسایی عوامل ایجادکنندۀ بیانگیزگی و کوشش برای برطرف کردن آنها، در موفقیت یادگیری و افزایش کیفیت آموزش نقش چشمگیری خواهد داشت. بدین منظور، یک نظرسنجی دو مرحلهای از دانشجویان مهندسی دانشکدههای فنی دانشگاه تهران صورت گرفت و عوامل دارای بیشترین و کمترین تأثیر در بیانگیزگی دانشجویان شناسایی شد. پس از آن، بهمنظور سنجش اعتبار یافتههای این بررسی، نظرسنجی مشابهی در دانشگاه صنعتی خواجه نصیرالدین طوسی صورت گرفت که آنهم نتایجی مشابه با نظرسنجی قبلی بهدست داد. عوامل اثرگذار بر بیانگیزگی، منشأ دروندانشگاهی (برنامه درسی، آموزشگران و محیط آموزشی)، بیرونی و اجتماعی دارند. از میان 27 عامل اثرگذار بررسی شده، خشک و تئوریک بودن دروس، کم بودن فعالیتهای عملی و مهارتی و برآورده نشدن انتظارات در دانشگاه اثرگذارترین عوامل دروندانشگاهی در رشد بیانگیزگی دانشجویان مهندسی در دو دانشگاه مورد بررسی شناسایی شدند.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
IINVESTIGATING THE REASONS BEHIND UNMOTIVATED ENGINEERING STUDENTS
نویسندگان [English]
- Hossein Memarian 1
- Azadeh Memarian 2
- Emad Mohasel Afshar 3
1 Professor of Geo-Engineering / University of Tehran
2 ,UNESCO Chair on Engineering Education expert
3 University of Tehran
چکیده [English]
In recent years, faculty members of various universities have presented numerous reports of lack of motivation among students in engineering fields. What are the reasons for this lack of motivation and how can students’ motivation be increased? Factors influencing motivation can be internal or external. The source of internal motivation, as the name suggests, lies in the internal personality of each person. On the other hand, the source of external motivation is in one’s environment and as an external factor encourages him/her to execute a certain task. Considering that motivation is an influential parameter in students’ learning and function in classroom, identifying the causes of lack of motivation and striving to rectify them, have considerable roles in the success of education and quality of learning. With this in mind, a two-step survey was conducted among the engineering students in University of Tehran. From the survey, the most and least influential factors in students’ lack of motivation were identified. In order to validate the findings of the first survey, a similar second survey was conducted in K.N. Toosi University, which resulted in similar results. It was found from the surveys that causes of lack of motivation are rooted both inside the universities (course curriculum, instructors and learning environment), and also outside in the society. From the 27 potential reasons for lack of motivation, the rigidity and theoretical nature of the courses, insufficient practical and skill building activities, and unrealized expectations were found to be the most influential in the expansion of lack of motivation among engineering students.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- l Lack of motivation
- engineering students
- internal motivation
- external motivation
- Engineering Faculty
- Iran
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