نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی - پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 عضو هیئت علمی داتشگاه تربیت مدرّس
2 مرکز تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور
چکیده
در دهۀ اخیر فنّاوری اطلاعات به عنوان عامل کلیدی توسعۀ همهجانبۀ کشورهای جهان و از جمله کشورهای منطقۀ چشمانداز 1404 معرفی شده و به ویژه در بازساختاردهی و بازطراحی نظام آموزش عالی اینکشورها بهکارگرفته شده است. با توجه به ضرورت پیادهسازی دورههای آموزش الکترونیکی در مواجهه با پاندمی کرونا، این مقاله درصدد پاسخگویی به این پرسش است که چرا دانشگاههای ایران در عرصۀ آموزشهای الکترونیکی (به عنوان مهمترین نمود آموزش غیرحضوری در عصر اطلاعات) ناموفق بودهاند؟ بدین منظور با تبیین مدلی برای ارزیابی توانایی دانشگاهها برای بهرهمندی از یادگیری الکترونیکی، تلاش میشود در مطالعهای تطبیقی چهار دانشگاه مهم ایران با چهار دانشگاه مهم ترکیه در مواجهه با پاندمی کرونا مورد مطالعه قرارگیرد. بدین منظور با اعزام گروهی متخصص به دانشگاههای مذکور وگردآوری دادههای واقعی و میدانی، میزان توانمندی آنها برای ایجاد محیط یادگیری الکترونیکی مورد بررسی قرارگرفته است. نتایج این پیمایش نشان میدهد میزان توانمندی دانشگاههای منتخب ترکیه در سطح «متوسط و بالاتر از متوسط» قرار دارد اما توانمندی دانشگاههای منتخب ایران در سطح «نسبتاً ضعیف» برآورد میشود. در پایان بر اساس تحلیل دلایل عدم موفقیت دانشگاههای منتخب کشور در تحقق یادگیری الکترونیکی، به ویژه در مقایسه با دانشگاههای همتراز کشور رقیب، رهنمودهایی برای برنامهریزی و سیاستگذاری منسجمتر ارائه شد.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Why Iranian universities have not been successful in implementing e-learning systems? (Comparative analysis of Iranian and Turkish universities in the face of the Corona pandemic)
نویسندگان [English]
- Gholam Ali Montazer 1
- Mahdieh Farazkish 2
1 Tarbiat Modares University
2 National Research Institute of Science Policy (NRISP)
چکیده [English]
In the last decade, information technology has been identified as a key factor in most countries’ development, including the countries of Iran’s Outlook 1404, and has been used in particular to restructure and redesign higher education systems in these countries. Turkey is one of the countries experiencing the most growth through ICT development and its impact on higher education is highly evident. In 2020, more than 40% of the population of eight million Turkish students studied in distance courses. In contrast, despite the not-so-delayed and powerful entry of Iranian universities in e-learning field, a very small percentage of the country’s students (less than 10%) studied in distance courses, while this trend is also declining. Given the need to implement e-learning courses in the face of the Corona pandemic, this article seeks to answer the question of why Iranian universities have failed in the field of e-learning (as the most important manifestation of distance learning in the information age), a comparative study of four major Iranian universities (Tehran, Khajeh Nasir, Shiraz, and Isfahan) with four important Turkish universities (Ankara, Hajat Tepe, Ghazi and Technical University of Middle East) in the face of the Corona pandemic is attempted. The ability of universities to create an e-learning environment has been investigated by sending a team of experts to the mentioned universities and collecting real data. The results of this survey show that the capacity of selected universities in Turkey is at the "medium and above average" level, but in Iran is estimated at a "relatively weak" level. Finally, based on an analysis of the reasons for the failure of Iran’s selected universities to implement e-learning, especially in comparison with the competing universities in the outlook 1404, some more coherent planning and policy guidance are provided.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- E-learning
- e-learning capability
- Corona pandemic. Iranian universities
- Turkish universities
- comparative analysis
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